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新概念英语第一册语法解析:陈述句的五种基本句型
在英语中,用来陈述一件事或表示一种看法的句子叫陈述句。这与汉语陈述句的概念一模一样。
陈述句的五种基本句型
(1) 主语+连系动词+表语
I am a student. 我在学生。
They feel happy. 他们感到高兴。
(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
The bell has rung. 铃声响过了。
(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
He is doing morning exercises. 他在做早操。
I like English. 我喜欢英语。
(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
My father bought me a MP4. 我父亲给我买了一个MP4。
He asked me a question. 他问了我一个问题。
(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
She found this question easy. 她发现这题容易。
We saw him swimming in the river. 我们看见他正在河里游泳
新概念英语第一册语法知识点:realize understand和set短语
今天我们看一看的这个 realize, understand的区别,以及set的动词短语
Realize & Understand
realize vt. 意识到……
He didn't realize that he had made a mistake.
他没有意识到他犯了一个错误.
realize vt. 实现……
understand vt. 明白……
I don't understand English. 我不懂英语.
set+副词构成的短语动词
set out 出发,动身 从某地出发的意思
When’ll you set out for London?
set off 出发,启程 含开始(旅行、赛跑等)的意思
I’ll set off for home the day after tomorrow.
set up 创立,建立;(a record)创造……记录
Mr. Jackson has set up a school in the village.
Has Tom set up a new world record?
练习:
1. It's not easy to _____ your dream.
2.Looking around, I _____ with a shock that I was the only passger left on
the bus.
3. He set ____ on his journey in spite of the heavy rain.
4. Tazieff was able to set _____ his camp very close to the volcano .
5.He set _____ a new world record in September,1935
正确答案:
1. realize, 2.realize, 3.off 4. up 5.up
新概念英语第一册语法知识点:must的用法
一、《新概念英语》中的must
在《新概念英语》经典版中,must出现的频率较高,分别出现在第一册第43-46课、第61-66课、第77-80课、第125-132课以及第二册第17课、第41课、第65课、第89课。
must比较常见的用法是:表义务或要求等的“必须”;表猜测的“肯定,一定”。
二、表义务或要求等
这时,must表示“必须”。如:
肯定句:He must have some water after the heavy work.
否定句:He needn't have any water after the heavy work.
一般疑问句及其回答:Must he have any water after the heavy work? Yes, he must. / No,
he needn't.
划线部分提问:What must he do after the heavy work?(假如划线部分为have some water的话)
【注意】
(一)mustn't与needn't
很多学生一说到must的否定,首先想到的一般都是mustn't。所以,老师需要提醒学生注意:must表必须时的否定形式是needn't(不必),而不是mustn't(禁止,不能)。
(二)must与have to
虽然have to(不得不,必须)经常被归到情态动词里,但其实have
to并不是情态动词,这里的have其实是实义动词,从句子功能来讲,就跟work或play等动词的基本用法是一样的。它与must的区别主要有:
1、must没有时态、人称和数的变化,而have to有时态、人称和数的变化。如:
must:She must go home right away.
have to:She has to go home right away.
再比如:
must:She must attend the meeting yesterday.
have to:She had to attend the meeting yesterday.
2、因为must没有时态的变化,而have to有,所以在句型转换中,要注意两者的区别。如:
1)must
肯定句:She must attend the meeting yesterday.
否定句:She needn't attend the meeting yesterday.
一般疑问句及其回答:Must she attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she must. / No, she
needn't.
划线部分提问:What must she do yesterday? (假如划线部分为attend the meeting的话)
2)have to
肯定句:She had to attend the meeting yesterday.
否定句:She didn't have to attend the meeting yesterday.
一般疑问句及其回答:Did she have to attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she did. / No,
she didn't.
划线部分提问:What did she have to do yesterday? (假如划线部分为attend the meeting的话)
3、must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使,认为有必要或有义务去做某事,一般译为“必须”,而have
to多表示客观存在的环境所限,即客观要求而无奈为之,一般译为“不得不做某事”。如:
主观认为、无人.I must clean the kitchen because it is too dirty.
(因为太脏了,我必须要打扫房间。)
客观所逼、不得不做:I have to do my homework now.(我现在不得不做作业。)
4、尽管have to与must存在以上区别,在must的否定句以及一般疑问句的否定回答中,也经常可以用have
to来替换needn't。如:
肯定句:She must attend the meeting yesterday.
否定句:She needn't/doesn't have to attend the meeting yesterday.
一般疑问句及其回答:Must she attend the meeting yesterday? Yes, she must. / No, she
needn't/doesn't have to.
三、表猜测
我们在“情态动词can的考点用法”一文中,已经提到,can't表达的是否定猜测,而must则表示肯定猜测,意思是某人或某物一定或肯定会怎么样。
与can't一样,must主要用来表示对现在时间或是过去时间发生的事情的肯定猜测。
(一)对现在时间的猜测
此时,must可以用来表示对现在的状态或动作进行猜测。如果是状态,must后面直接跟表状态的谓语动词即可;如果是动作,must后面的谓语动词则要采用be
doing的形式。如:
状态:He must be over 40 years old. (他肯定有四十多岁了。)
动作:He must be reading in the library now. (他现在肯定正在图书馆看书。)
(二)对过去时间的猜测
此时,must后面的谓语动词如果是状态,则采用“must have+表状态的动词的过去分词”;如果是动作,则采用“must have
done”的形式;如果是过去进行的动作,则采用“must have been doing”的形式。如:
状态:He must have been in the bathroom when I called him last night.
动作:He must have finished his homework before dinner yesterday.
过去进行:He must have been listening to loud music, for he didn't answer my
call.
四、特殊用法
(一)表偏偏
此时,must表达的是说话者不耐烦的语气或是与说话者愿望相反的情况。如:
Why must you come in at this moment? (你为什么偏偏在这个时候进来?)
(二)用作名词
must也可以直接用作普通名词,表示“必须做的事,必需的东西”。如:
A raincoat is a must in the rainy season. (在雨季雨衣是必备之物。)
His new novel is a must for all lovers
新概念英语第一册语法解析:There be 句型
There be 句型 表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)
There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)
There is a book in this room.
There is a pen on the table
There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)
There are two pens on the table.
There are three schools there.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Is there a book in this room?
Are there two pens on the table?
★变否定句在动词后面加not
There is not a book in this room.
There are not two pens on the table.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, there is. No, there is not.
Yes, there are. No, there are not.
新概念英语第一册语法解析:Be going to 结构
Be going to 结构 表示打算,准备,计划做某事
★结构:主语+be动词+going to +动词原型
I am going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
Are you going to make a bookcase?
Are they going to paint it?
Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?
★变否定句在be动词后面加not
I am not going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Yes, they are. No, they are not.
Yes, he is. No, he is not.
★特殊疑问句
What are you going to do?
What are they going to do?
What is the father going to do?
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